Patients with diabetes, hypertension, and current smoking in midlife lived nearly 13 fewer years without dementia than those with no vascular risk factors in a long-term US cohort study.
Manufacturers would be required to notify the FDA of GRAS determinations under a proposed rule, while HHS and USDA also submitted the first proposed federal definition of ultra-processed foods for final review.
Investigators found that adding pregnancy-related and female-specific factors modestly improved postpartum cardiovascular risk prediction compared with traditional risk factors alone.
Researchers developed and externally validated a prediction model estimating 1-, 5-, and 10-year risks of serious muscle disorders among patients potentially eligible for statin therapy.
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Moderate coffee consumption generally appeared safe for most adults, but randomized evidence suggested divergent effects on atrial fibrillation and premature ventricular contractions.
In a phase 2b trial, the highest dose produced an estimated 12% mean weight reduction vs 1% with placebo, although gastrointestinal adverse events were common.
In a randomized crossover trial of insulin-treated patients receiving hemodialysis, real-time continuous glucose monitoring did not improve the primary hypoglycemia outcome but increased time in range and reduced time above range vs capillary testing.
In an observational US target trial emulation, glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist initiation was associated with about 3 to 4 more ischemic optic neuropathy cases per 10,000 patients over 18 months than two comparator drug classes.